Morosan, Diana E., Eoin P. Carley, Laura A. Hayes, Sophie A. Murray, Pietro Zucca, Richard A. Fallows, Joe McCauley, Emilia K. J. Kilpua, Gottfried Mann, Christian Vocks, and Peter T. Gallagher, Multiple regions of shock-accelerated particles during a solar coronal mass ejection, Nature Astronomy, 3, 452-461 (2019) (ADS)
(click on the image for a larger version)
Date: 2019 December 17
A clear recent suggestion that the "quasi-perp" region of the global shock wave produces the intense particle acceleration needed. Left, pole-on view; right, view at limb. The flare SOL2017-09-10 inspired this cartoon, along with many scientific papers: it was the very prototype of the CSHKP scenario, although of course that scenario does not include the particles studied here. Note that the usual CME/SEP cartoon implies that the bow of the wave plays an important role, which would be quite a different physical picture.