Observation of quasi-periodic solar radio bursts associated with propagating fast-mode waves

Goddard, C. R., G. Nisticò, V. M. Nakariakov, I. V. Zimovets, and S. M. White, Observation of quasi-periodic solar radio bursts associated with propagating fast-mode waves, A&A, 594, A96 (2016) (ADS)

The cartoon

(click on the image for a larger version)

Technically this cartoon is not so nice because the artist has diffidently drawn lines that are too faint (perhaps their lack of physical meaning contributes to their translucence?. But the scientific content is quite nice. It imagines fast-mode MHD waves ducted out along a magnetic funnel, a wave packet perhaps interacting momentarily with a coronal structure created by CME expansino. The "leading CME front" must actually represent a shock wave, with a density jump. But why would this be reachable by MHD waves, locked onto the Alfvén speed? Shouldn't a shock be super-Alfvénic?

Date: 2019 November 11